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1. ’80: or Scipio barbaric…

2. Julius Caesar, Gallic Wars, IV, v.

3. Martial, II, lxii, 1; VI, xciii, 9.

4. Virgil, Aeneid, II, 2.

5. Ovid, Ex Ponto, IV, ix, 13.

6. Plutarch, Life of Crates.

7. Seneca, Epist. moral., LXX, 20.

8. Martial, XI, lxviii, 11.

9. Lucretius, IV, 1020–1.

10. Martial, VII, xlviii, 4.

11. Martial, VII, xxxv, 1–2.

12. Horace, Satires, I, v, 13–14.

13. Suetonius, Life of Caesar, xlix.

14. Horace, Odes, II, xi, 18–20.

15. Persius, Satires, I, 58–60.

16. Cf. Rabelais, Gargantua, TLF, IX, ‘On what is signified by the colours white and blue’.